Qist Maktab · Islamic Studies · Class 12
An oath invokes Allah's name or attribute to affirm a statement or commit to an action. Distinguish an oath about the past from a deliberate oath concerning future conduct, and distinguish casual expressions from binding oaths according to their wording and intent. Qur'an 5:89 describes expiation for binding oaths that are broken, including feeding or clothing ten needy people, with fasting three days when the specified alternatives are unavailable. Hanafi details concerning repetition, timing and the validity of a particular formula require careful classification before calculating expiation.