Mantiq — Alimiyyah Grade 1

Module 02Lesson 02

Three Modes of Signification

Chapter 9 of the prescribed book

01Learning Outcomes
  • State the book's definition for three modes of signification.
  • Recognize the distinctions and examples given in the chapter.
  • Explain the chapter rule in your own words with an example.
02Primary Text
مطابقہ: پورے معنی پر دلالت۔ تضمن: معنی کے کسی حصے پر دلالت۔ التزام: ایسے لازم معنی پر دلالت جو اصل تعریف کا حصہ نہ ہو۔
منطق کی پہلی کتاب — باب 9
03Translation

Correspondence: signification of the whole meaning. Inclusion: signification of a part of the meaning. Implication: signification of a necessary meaning that is not part of the original definition.

04Explanation

If “triangle” is defined as a plane figure with three sides, signification of the whole concept is correspondence, signification of “figure” is inclusion, and signification of a demonstrated geometrical consequence is implication.

Chapter Introduction

A word may guide to its meaning in different ways. Traditional logic describes three basic modes.

Important Point

Merely finding two things together does not by itself establish implicative signification.

05Examples
01
Book Example

In the triangle example: correspondence indicates the whole meaning, inclusion indicates a part of the meaning, and implication indicates an established necessary consequence.

06Key Vocabulary
01مطابقہ
Correspondence

Signification of the whole meaning

02تضمن
Inclusion

Signification of part of the meaning

03التزام
Implication

Signification of an established necessary meaning

07Lesson Summary
  • Correspondence indicates the whole meaning, inclusion a part, and implication a necessary meaning.