Ilm al-Sarf · Meezan

Module 03Lesson 01

Imperative and Its Formation

Meezan al-Sarf · printed pages 19Reused canonical Sarf content
Learning objective

Derive the imperative from the second-person jussive imperfect.

Core rule

Make the second-person imperfect jussive, remove the imperfect prefix, and add hamzat al-waṣl if needed: تَنْصُرْ → اُنْصُرْ.

يُصَاغُ الأَمْرُ مِنْ مُضَارِعِ الْمُخَاطَبِ الْمَجْزُومِ بِحَذْفِ حَرْفِ الْمُضَارَعَةِ، وَيُؤْتَى بِهَمْزَةِ الْوَصْلِ إِنِ احْتِيجَ إِلَيْهَا.

Explanation

تَنْصُرُ becomes تَنْصُرْ in the jussive. Remove ت to get نْصُرْ. Because Arabic cannot begin with a still ن, add Hamzat al-Wasl: اُنْصُرْ. Apply the same logic to the remaining five مخاطب forms.

Start with أَنْتَ تَنْصُرُ. Jussive: تَنْصُرْ. Removing ت gives نْصُرْ, which cannot begin with a still consonant, so hamzat al-waṣl gives اُنْصُرْ.