.tcrQBG_root{width:100%;min-width:0;max-width:960px;color:var(--dea-text,#142438);gap:1rem;margin-inline:auto;display:grid}.tcrQBG_shell{height:auto;aspect-ratio:var(--board-aspect,900 / 520);width:100%;max-width:var(--board-width,624px);isolation:isolate;background-color:#fffdf7;border:2px dashed #7f9a91;border-radius:20px;margin-inline:auto;position:relative;overflow:hidden}.tcrQBG_guide,.tcrQBG_canvas{width:100%;max-width:100%;height:100%;display:block;position:absolute;inset:0}.tcrQBG_guide{pointer-events:none;z-index:0}.tcrQBG_canvas{z-index:1;touch-action:none;cursor:crosshair}.tcrQBG_palette{flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;gap:10px;display:flex}.tcrQBG_palette button{border:1px solid var(--dea-border,#6b7f90);min-width:44px;min-height:44px;font:inherit;cursor:pointer;border-radius:10px;padding:.65rem}.tcrQBG_palette .tcrQBG_swatch{border:3px solid #fff;border-radius:50%;width:48px;height:48px;padding:0;box-shadow:0 0 0 1px #60747e}.tcrQBG_swatch[aria-pressed=true]{outline-offset:3px;outline:3px solid #173f35}.tcrQBG_palette button:focus-visible{outline-offset:3px;outline:3px solid #2466a8}.tcrQBG_palette button:disabled{opacity:.55;cursor:not-allowed}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.tcrQBG_root *{scroll-behavior:auto}}
._86-M5W_focus,._86-M5W_activity{--rc-rule:#c8364f;--rc-carrier:#b7791f;--rc-stop:#2563b8;--rc-focus:var(--lesson-accent,#147a5c);color:var(--lesson-text,inherit);min-width:0;margin-block:1.25rem}._86-M5W_title{color:var(--lesson-heading,inherit);margin:0 0 .35rem;font-size:1.15rem;font-weight:700}._86-M5W_lead,._86-M5W_instruction{line-height:var(--lesson-line-height,1.7);color:var(--lesson-text,inherit);max-width:62ch;margin:0 0 1rem}._86-M5W_lead:lang(ur),._86-M5W_instruction:lang(ur),._86-M5W_caption:lang(ur),._86-M5W_note:lang(ur),._86-M5W_prompt:lang(ur){line-height:2.1;font-family:var(--dea-institution-font-urdu)!important}._86-M5W_script{white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:isolate;line-height:1.9;font-family:var(--dea-institution-font-arabic)!important}._86-M5W_mark{border-radius:.35em;padding-inline:.06em}._86-M5W_mark[data-mark=focus]{color:var(--rc-focus);text-shadow:0 0 .02em}._86-M5W_mark[data-mark=rule]{color:var(--rc-rule);background:color-mix(in srgb, var(--rc-rule) 12%, transparent)}._86-M5W_mark[data-mark=carrier]{color:var(--rc-carrier);background:color-mix(in srgb, var(--rc-carrier) 14%, transparent)}._86-M5W_mark[data-mark=stop]{color:var(--rc-stop);background:color-mix(in srgb, var(--rc-stop) 12%, transparent)}._86-M5W_mark[data-mark=muted]{opacity:.38}._86-M5W_stage{border-radius:calc(var(--lesson-radius,14px) + 8px);background:radial-gradient(120% 90% at 50% 0%, color-mix(in srgb, var(--rc-focus) 10%, transparent), transparent 70%), var(--lesson-sunken,#00000008);flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:center;align-items:flex-start;gap:clamp(.6rem,2.4vw,1.4rem);padding:clamp(1rem,4vw,2rem) clamp(.75rem,3vw,1.5rem);display:flex}._86-M5W_unit{align-items:center;gap:clamp(.4rem,2vw,1.1rem);display:flex}._86-M5W_joiner{color:var(--lesson-muted,inherit);font-size:clamp(1.6rem,5vw,2.4rem);font-weight:300}._86-M5W_item{flex-direction:column;align-items:center;gap:.35rem;margin:0;display:flex}._86-M5W_tap{cursor:pointer;background:var(--lesson-surface,#fff);min-width:3.2em;color:inherit;font:inherit;box-shadow:0 1px 0 color-mix(in srgb, var(--lesson-text,#000) 6%, transparent), 0 8px 24px -14px color-mix(in srgb, var(--rc-focus) 55%, transparent);border:0;border-radius:999px;justify-content:center;align-items:center;padding:.1em .55em .2em;transition:transform .15s,box-shadow .15s;display:inline-flex;position:relative}._86-M5W_tap:hover{transform:translateY(-2px)}._86-M5W_tap:active{transform:scale(.97)}._86-M5W_tap:focus-visible,._86-M5W_hear:focus-visible,._86-M5W_option:focus-visible,._86-M5W_check:focus-visible{outline:3px solid var(--lesson-focus,Highlight);outline-offset:3px}._86-M5W_tapIcon{color:var(--rc-focus);opacity:.7;line-height:0;position:absolute;inset-block-start:.25rem;inset-inline-end:.35rem}._86-M5W_item:not([data-hearable])>._86-M5W_script{padding:.1em .55em .2em}._86-M5W_focus ._86-M5W_script{font-size:clamp(1.9rem,6vw,2.8rem)}._86-M5W_focus[data-display=hero] ._86-M5W_script{font-size:clamp(3.6rem,16vw,7rem);line-height:1.6}._86-M5W_focus[data-display=hero] ._86-M5W_tap{min-width:2.2em;padding:.05em .45em .15em}._86-M5W_focus[data-display=hero] ._86-M5W_stage{padding-block:clamp(1.5rem,6vw,3rem)}._86-M5W_focus[data-display=forms] ._86-M5W_stage{justify-content:space-around}._86-M5W_focus[data-display=equation] ._86-M5W_script{font-size:clamp(2.1rem,7vw,3.1rem)}._86-M5W_caption{color:var(--lesson-muted,inherit);text-align:center;max-width:20ch;font-size:.85rem;line-height:1.45}._86-M5W_focus[data-display=hero] ._86-M5W_caption{max-width:36ch;font-size:.95rem}._86-M5W_legend{color:var(--lesson-muted,inherit);flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.5rem 1.25rem;margin:.85rem 0 0;padding:0;font-size:.9rem;list-style:none;display:flex}._86-M5W_legend li{align-items:center;gap:.45rem;display:inline-flex}._86-M5W_swatch{background:var(--rc-focus);border-radius:50%;block-size:.9rem;inline-size:.9rem}._86-M5W_swatch[data-mark=rule]{background:var(--rc-rule)}._86-M5W_swatch[data-mark=carrier]{background:var(--rc-carrier)}._86-M5W_swatch[data-mark=stop]{background:var(--rc-stop)}._86-M5W_swatch[data-mark=muted]{background:var(--lesson-muted,#888);opacity:.4}._86-M5W_note{color:var(--lesson-muted,inherit);align-items:flex-start;gap:.5rem;margin:.9rem 0 0;font-size:.9rem;line-height:1.6;display:flex}._86-M5W_note svg{flex:none;margin-block-start:.2rem}._86-M5W_source{color:var(--lesson-muted,inherit);margin:.6rem 0 0;font-size:.85rem}._86-M5W_source [data-media-source]{border:1px dashed var(--lesson-border,currentColor);border-radius:999px;align-items:center;gap:.35rem;padding:.1rem .55rem;display:inline-flex}._86-M5W_questions,._86-M5W_lines{flex-direction:column;gap:1rem;margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none;display:flex}._86-M5W_question{border-block-end:1px solid color-mix(in srgb, var(--lesson-border,#ccc) 70%, transparent);padding:.9rem 0 1rem}._86-M5W_question:last-child{border-block-end:0}._86-M5W_cueRow{flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;gap:.75rem;margin-block-end:.75rem;display:flex}._86-M5W_step{background:color-mix(in srgb, var(--rc-focus) 14%, transparent);block-size:1.9rem;inline-size:1.9rem;color:var(--rc-focus);border-radius:50%;place-items:center;font-size:.9rem;font-weight:700;display:inline-grid}._86-M5W_question[data-state=correct] ._86-M5W_step{background:var(--lesson-success,#176b3c);color:var(--lesson-on-accent,#fff)}._86-M5W_cueText{font-size:clamp(1.8rem,6vw,2.4rem)}._86-M5W_prompt{flex:14rem;margin:0}._86-M5W_hear{cursor:pointer;min-width:44px;min-height:44px;font:inherit;background:var(--rc-focus);color:var(--lesson-on-accent,#fff);border:0;border-radius:999px;align-items:center;gap:.45rem;padding:.45rem 1rem;font-weight:650;display:inline-flex}._86-M5W_hear[data-compact]{background:color-mix(in srgb, var(--rc-focus) 14%, transparent);color:var(--rc-focus);padding:.45rem}._86-M5W_options{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.6rem;display:flex}._86-M5W_option{cursor:pointer;min-width:64px;min-height:52px;font:inherit;border:2px solid color-mix(in srgb, var(--lesson-border,#ccc) 90%, transparent);background:var(--lesson-surface,#fff);color:inherit;border-radius:999px;padding:.35rem 1.1rem;transition:border-color .15s,background-color .15s,transform .1s}._86-M5W_option[data-arabic] span{font-size:clamp(1.5rem,5vw,2rem);line-height:1.6;font-family:var(--dea-institution-font-arabic)!important}._86-M5W_option:hover{border-color:var(--rc-focus)}._86-M5W_option:active{transform:scale(.97)}._86-M5W_option[data-result=correct]{border-color:var(--lesson-success,#176b3c);background:var(--lesson-success-surface,#e1f4e7)}._86-M5W_option[data-result=wrong]{border-color:var(--lesson-danger,#a3271c);background:var(--lesson-danger-surface,#fbe5e1)}._86-M5W_feedback{color:var(--lesson-danger,#a3271c);margin:.6rem 0 0;font-weight:650}._86-M5W_feedback[data-correct]{color:var(--lesson-success,#176b3c)}._86-M5W_feedbackText{color:var(--lesson-text,inherit);font-weight:400}._86-M5W_progress{background:var(--lesson-sunken,#0000000f);border-radius:999px;block-size:6px;margin-block:.25rem .35rem;overflow:hidden}._86-M5W_progress span{background:var(--lesson-success,#176b3c);block-size:100%;transition:inline-size .25s;display:block}._86-M5W_progressText{color:var(--lesson-muted,inherit);margin:0 0 .75rem;font-size:.85rem}._86-M5W_line{background:var(--lesson-sunken,#00000008);border-radius:999px;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:.75rem;padding:.55rem .9rem;transition:background-color .2s;display:flex}._86-M5W_line[data-read]{background:var(--lesson-success-surface,#e1f4e7)}._86-M5W_lineMain{flex-wrap:wrap;flex:auto;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;gap:.9rem;min-width:0;display:flex}._86-M5W_lineMain ._86-M5W_script{font-size:clamp(1.7rem,5.5vw,2.3rem)}._86-M5W_lineCaption{color:var(--lesson-muted,inherit);font-size:.85rem}._86-M5W_lineActions{align-items:center;gap:.5rem;display:flex}._86-M5W_check{cursor:pointer;min-height:44px;font:inherit;border:1.5px solid var(--lesson-border,currentColor);background:var(--lesson-surface,#fff);color:inherit;border-radius:999px;align-items:center;gap:.4rem;padding:.4rem .9rem;font-size:.9rem;font-weight:650;display:inline-flex}._86-M5W_check[aria-pressed=true]{border-color:var(--lesson-success,#176b3c);color:var(--lesson-success,#176b3c)}@media (max-width:600px){._86-M5W_line{border-radius:calc(var(--lesson-radius,14px) + 4px)}._86-M5W_lineActions{justify-content:flex-end;inline-size:100%}}._86-M5W_paint{border-radius:calc(var(--lesson-radius,14px) + 4px);overflow:hidden}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){._86-M5W_tap,._86-M5W_option,._86-M5W_progress span,._86-M5W_line{transition:none}._86-M5W_tap:hover{transform:none}}[data-lesson-treatment=child] ._86-M5W_focus[data-display=hero] ._86-M5W_script{font-size:clamp(6rem,30vw,13rem);line-height:1.5}[data-lesson-treatment=child] ._86-M5W_focus[data-display=hero] ._86-M5W_tapIcon{opacity:1;transform:scale(1.4)}
.scholarly-blocks{--gold:#e2c275;--border:#e2c27547;color:#f3efe4;min-width:0}.scholarly-blocks *{box-sizing:border-box}.scholarly-block-heading{border-inline-start:3px solid var(--gold);color:#f5f0e5;margin:0 0 16px;padding-inline-start:13px;font-size:clamp(1.1rem,2.4vw,1.4rem);line-height:1.7}.scholarly-block-prose{overflow-wrap:anywhere;margin:0 0 18px;line-height:2}.scholarly-block-panel{border:1px solid var(--border);background:#16231c;border-radius:20px;min-width:0;margin:20px 0;padding:clamp(16px,3vw,26px)}.scholarly-block-panel strong{color:#f4efe6}.scholarly-block-panel p{overflow-wrap:anywhere;line-height:1.9}.scholarly-block-panel figcaption,.scholarly-block-panel cite{color:#c9c4b8;font-size:.88rem}.scholarly-source blockquote{text-align:center;border:0;margin:10px 0;padding:10px;font-size:clamp(1.25rem,3vw,1.8rem);line-height:2}.scholarly-transliteration{text-align:center;color:#c9c4b8;font-family:system-ui,sans-serif}.scholarly-source-translation{border-top:1px solid var(--border);text-align:center;padding-top:18px}.scholarly-term{text-align:center}.scholarly-term strong,.scholarly-term span{margin:12px;display:block}.scholarly-term span{color:var(--gold)}.scholarly-table-scroll{scrollbar-width:thin;max-width:100%;overflow-x:auto}.scholarly-table-scroll:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--gold)}.scholarly-table-scroll table{border-collapse:collapse;text-align:start;width:100%;min-width:460px}.scholarly-table-scroll th,.scholarly-table-scroll td{border:1px solid var(--border);text-align:start;vertical-align:top;padding:13px 16px;line-height:1.75}.scholarly-table-scroll th{color:var(--gold);background:#1f3027}.scholarly-table-scroll td{background:#16231c}.scholarly-flow,.scholarly-item-grid{gap:12px;margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none;display:grid}.scholarly-flow li,.scholarly-item-grid>li,.scholarly-item-grid>div{border:1px solid var(--border);background:#1b2a23;border-radius:14px;padding:16px}.scholarly-flow li:not(:last-child):after{content:"↓";text-align:center;color:var(--gold);margin-bottom:-25px;font:700 1.3rem system-ui;display:block;position:relative;top:18px}.scholarly-item-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(min(100%,210px),1fr))}.scholarly-conclusion{border:1px solid var(--gold);border-radius:12px;padding:14px}.scholarly-reference-list{padding-inline-start:25px}.scholarly-reference-list li{border-bottom:1px solid var(--border);padding:12px 0;line-height:1.8}.scholarly-caution{border-inline-start:4px solid var(--gold)}.scholarly-blocks [lang=sa],.scholarly-blocks [lang=hi]{font-family:Noto Sans Devanagari,sans-serif}.scholarly-blocks [lang=ar]{font-family:var(--font-arabic),serif}.scholarly-blocks [lang=ur]{font-family:var(--font-urdu),serif}@media (max-width:640px){.scholarly-block-panel{border-radius:15px;padding:15px}.scholarly-table-scroll th,.scholarly-table-scroll td{padding:10px}}.scholarly-blocks{overflow-wrap:break-word;width:100%;min-width:0;max-width:100%}.scholarly-blocks .scholarly-block-prose{white-space:normal;text-align:start;max-width:100%;margin-block:0 14px;line-height:1.75}.scholarly-blocks .scholarly-block-heading{margin-block:20px 12px;line-height:1.6}.scholarly-blocks .scholarly-block-panel{min-width:0;max-width:100%}.scholarly-blocks .scholarly-source blockquote{overflow-wrap:break-word;word-break:normal;white-space:normal;max-width:100%}.scholarly-blocks .scholarly-table-scroll{overscroll-behavior-inline:contain;width:100%;min-width:0;max-width:100%}.scholarly-blocks .scholarly-table-scroll table{table-layout:fixed;min-width:0}.scholarly-blocks .scholarly-table-scroll :is(th,td){overflow-wrap:break-word;word-break:normal}@media (max-width:640px){.scholarly-blocks .scholarly-block-prose{margin-bottom:12px;font-size:clamp(1.08rem,4.5vw,1.35rem);line-height:1.8}.scholarly-blocks .scholarly-block-heading{margin-block:18px 10px;font-size:clamp(1.15rem,4.6vw,1.45rem)}.scholarly-blocks .scholarly-block-panel{margin:16px 0;padding:14px}.scholarly-blocks .scholarly-source blockquote{padding:8px 0;font-size:clamp(1.2rem,5vw,1.55rem);line-height:1.85}.scholarly-blocks .scholarly-source-translation{padding-top:12px;line-height:1.8}.scholarly-blocks .scholarly-table-scroll :is(th,td){padding:9px 7px;font-size:clamp(.98rem,3.7vw,1.18rem);line-height:1.65}}.scholarly-blocks .scholarly-section{border:1px solid #e2c27547;background:#16231c;border-inline-start:3px solid #e2c275;box-shadow:0 4px 18px #0000001f}.scholarly-blocks .scholarly-section .scholarly-block-heading{color:#ead39a;margin-block:0 14px}.scholarly-blocks .scholarly-section .scholarly-block-prose{white-space:pre-wrap;overflow-wrap:anywhere;unicode-bidi:plaintext;margin:0;font-size:clamp(1.08rem,2vw,1.35rem);line-height:2.05}@media (max-width:640px){.scholarly-blocks .scholarly-section{margin:14px 0;padding:16px 14px}.scholarly-blocks .scholarly-section .scholarly-block-prose{font-size:1.12rem;line-height:2.05}}.scholarly-blocks .scholarly-source blockquote{color:var(--lesson-heading,#f3efe4);font-size:clamp(1.45rem,3.6vw,2rem);line-height:1.9}.scholarly-blocks .scholarly-source blockquote[data-short-source]{padding:14px 10px;font-size:clamp(2rem,6vw,2.7rem);line-height:1.6}.scholarly-blocks .scholarly-source blockquote[data-multiline-source]{font-size:inherit;justify-items:center;gap:8px;display:grid}.scholarly-blocks .scholarly-source-line{font-size:var(--lesson-body-size,1.15rem);color:var(--lesson-muted,#c9c4b8);unicode-bidi:isolate;line-height:1.8;display:block}.scholarly-blocks .scholarly-source-line.scholarly-source-primary{color:var(--lesson-heading,#f3efe4);font-size:clamp(1.45rem,3.6vw,2rem);line-height:1.8}.scholarly-blocks blockquote[data-short-source] .scholarly-source-line.scholarly-source-primary{font-size:clamp(2rem,6vw,2.7rem)}.scholarly-blocks .scholarly-source-line[lang=en]{font-family:var(--font-sans,system-ui),system-ui,sans-serif}.scholarly-blocks .scholarly-source-line[lang=ur]{font-size:calc(var(--lesson-body-size,1.15rem) * 1.15);line-height:2.1}@media (max-width:640px){.scholarly-blocks .scholarly-source blockquote{font-size:clamp(1.3rem,5.6vw,1.7rem)}.scholarly-blocks .scholarly-source blockquote[data-short-source]{font-size:clamp(1.9rem,9vw,2.4rem)}.scholarly-blocks .scholarly-source blockquote[data-multiline-source]{font-size:inherit}}